Palestine and the Decline of the Ottoman Empire: Modernization and the Path to Palestinian Statehood by Farid Al-Salim

Author:Farid Al-Salim [Al-Salim, Farid]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: General, History, Middle East, Turkey & Ottoman Empire
ISBN: 9781786739674
Google: 7BOMDwAAQBAJ
Publisher: Bloomsbury Publishing
Published: 2015-04-07T11:56:26+00:00

CHAPTER 6

EDUCATION AND

INTELLECTUAL LIFE

Education

Education in Wilayat Suriyya and Beirut and the Sanjak of Jerusalem was sectarian before the implementation of the second Tanzimat. Each religious community established, financed, and directed its own schools usually under the guidance of its religious chiefs. During the civil war of 1856–1860 the door was left open to foreign Christian missionaries to come and establish missionary schools in Greater Syria and Palestine to teach the natives and collect adherents. They included mainly French, British, American, German and Russian missionaries. The indigenous Christians also established their own schools with or without the help of missionaries. The Muslim population depended on the central and wilaya governments to provide education for their children. Although the wilaya government had no formal schools before 1871, several non-government Islamic schools (kuttab) had long been in existence, but they were inadequate and could not compete with the Christian schools. Consequently, the education gap grew wider between Muslim and Christian populations. An attempt was made in the late Ottoman period to bridge this gap through building and developing Muslim education. This section discusses only government and private Muslim schools in Wilayat Suriyya, Beirut and Sanjak of Jerusalem in the period under study.

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